Adoption is the legal act of permanently placing a child of any age with one or two parents other than the actual biological parents. Adoption gives rise to the severing of the parental rights and responsibilities of the true biological parents and assigning those responsibilities and rights onto the adoptive parents. A large number of children are placed for adoption as a result of the actual birth parents' acknowlegement that they are unable to adequately care for their infant. Some biological parents forcibly lose their parental rights so that their child or children are placed into foster homes since they were abused or neglected. The lack of ability to reproduce biologically is a typical motive to adopt. The wish to adopt can also stem from the lack of a spouse or prefering not to use a surrogate or sperm donor. Single folks and same sex partners sometimes adopt because of this reason. Methods of becoming a legal adoptive parent will vary from state to state or between countries. Normally when filling out an application to adopt, all prospective adoptive parents will be considered for suitability and appropriateness.

International adoptions frequently are more expensive and also oftentimes incur additional fees, such as the adoptive parents having to travel to the source country. American citizens represent the major share of international adopters. A number of countries have relatively well founded laws, rules and procedures for out of country adopters to satisfy, while other countries don't. Adoption regulations for each nation will differ widely.Requirements necessary to start the process of adopting outside the country also will differ widely, depending on the country of the adoptive parents. In the U.S., as a general rule, generally the first point in the process is selecting an agency or facilitator to deal with. Every agency or facilitator works with different countries, although many place their focus on a single country.

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