Adoption is the term for permanently placing a baby or child with a parent (or parents) who were not the actual biological parents. Adoption produces the severing of the parental responsibilities & rights of the actual biological parents and putting those rights & responsibilities onto the adopters. A number of children, no matter their ages, are placed up for for adoption as a result of the biological parents' decision that they are unfortunately unable to adequately take care of their baby, infant or older child. Other biological parents involuntarily are stripped of their parental rights and their children are placed into foster homes as they were abandoned, abused or neglected. The physical inability to reproduce and have a biological child is a typically common reason given for adopting. A desire to adopt can also be accompanied by the lack of a mate or partner or deciding not to use a sperm donor or surrogate. Single individuals and same sex couples frequently adopt for this reason. Processes for becoming a legal adoptive parent will vary from one nation to another. Normally when making an application to adopt, the prospective adopters will be evaluated for suitability.

International adoptions usually are more expensive and also regularly incur further fees, including the adoptive parents being required to go to the source country. Citizens of the U.S. represent most of the international adopters. A few large countries have relatively well instituted laws and rules for out of country adopters to go along with, while some don't. Adoption policies for each nation deviate widely.Any requirements needed to start the process of adopting outside the country also can vary widely, depending on the country of the adopters. In the U.S., as an example, typically the number 1 step of the process is selecting an facilitator or agency to deal with. Each agency or facilitator works with a different group of nations, although some put their focus on a single country.

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