Adoption means legally permanently placing a baby or child with one or two parents other than the true biological parents. Adoption leads to the severing of the parental rights and responsibilities of the biological parents and passing those responsibilities & rights onto the adoptive parents. Many babies or children are placed up for for adoption because of the actual biological parents' decision that they are unable to take even adequate care of their tike. A few birth parents involuntarily lose their parental rights so that their child is placed in foster homes as they were neglected, abused or abandoned. A physical inability to biologically have a child is a standard motive given to adopt. The desire to adopt could also correspond with the lack of a spouse or partner or a preference not to use a sperm donor or surrogate. Unmarried individuals and same sex partners often adopt for this very reason. Procedures for legally adopting a child can vary from state to state or between countries. Commonly when applying to adopt, all prospective adoptive parents will be judged for suitability and appropriateness.

International adoptions typically are more expensive and often incur further costs, like these: the adopters needing to travel to the source country. American citizens represent the biggest number of international adoptive parents. A few developted nations have reasonably well instituted rules and procedures for foreign adopters to fulfil, while other nations don't. Adoption policies for each nation will differ widely.The conditions necessary to start the process of adopting internationally also vary widely, depending upon the nation of the adopters. In the U.S., as a general rule, typically the first phase of the process is to find an facilitator or agency to deal with. Every agency or facilitator works with a different group of nations, and other people focus their energy only on a specific nation.

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